Key Architecture Frameworks

 

Hub-Only Pipeline Topology — HOPT

The Hub-Only Pipeline Topology (HOPT) is an infrastructure architecture for carbon capture, transport, utilization, and storage (CCUS) systems.

In conventional CCS systems, each emitting facility connects directly to a CO₂ pipeline network. This approach creates significant challenges, including complex permitting processes, extensive pipeline infrastructure, and high capital costs.

HOPT restructures the topology of CO₂ transport systems.

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Under the HOPT architecture:

• CO₂ is captured at industrial sites using solid-looping or sorbent-based systems

• captured carbon is transported to centralized regeneration hubs using conventional logistics

• gaseous CO₂ pipelines connect only regeneration hubs, not individual emitters

 

This architecture significantly reduces the total length of pipeline infrastructure and simplifies system governance while allowing many emitters to participate in carbon capture networks.

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HOPT therefore enables scalable deployment of carbon capture systems in regions with dispersed industrial emissions.

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Download HOPT-AS

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Nuclear Repowering Interface Architecture — NRIA

The Nuclear Repowering Interface Architecture (NRIA) is a governance and integration framework for replacing fossil-fired boilers with nuclear heat sources while preserving existing steam turbines and balance-of-plant systems.

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In many repowering discussions, integration between a nuclear heat source and an existing steam cycle is treated as a project-specific engineering challenge. This creates regulatory uncertainty, financial risk, and limited repeatability across projects.

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NRIA introduces a structured architecture that defines:

• turbine thermodynamic envelope classifications

• a finite set of permissible integration architectures

• a single explicit interface boundary between nuclear and non-nuclear systems

• deterministic derivation of nuclear heat performance requirements

 

By establishing these architectural constraints before engineering begins, NRIA transforms repowering from a bespoke engineering problem into a structured and repeatable infrastructure pathway for coal-to-nuclear conversion.

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Hydrogen Logistics Architecture Standard — HLAS

The Hydrogen Logistics Architecture Standard (HLAS) provides a system architecture for hydrogen infrastructure networks.

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Hydrogen logistics systems often become fragmented because production, transport, and distribution decisions are made independently at the project level. HLAS addresses this by defining a structured network architecture.

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The framework organizes hydrogen infrastructure into a hierarchy of nodes:

• Hydrogen Production Hubs (HPH)

• Regional Hydrogen Hubs (RHH)

• Industrial and distributed hydrogen users

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Transport infrastructure is determined using a deterministic rule:

Distance Class × Flow Class → Transport Mode

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This rule allows infrastructure planners to determine whether hydrogen should be transported via pipelines, trucking, liquid hydrogen systems, or ammonia carriers based on the characteristics of the logistics pathway.

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HLAS therefore enables hydrogen infrastructure to scale from regional networks to national hydrogen backbone systems and international export corridors.

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Simultaneous CO₂–SO₂ Capture Demonstration Standard

The Standard for Field Demonstration of Simultaneous SO₂ and CO₂ Capture in Existing Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems defines a structured framework for validating retrofit decarbonization technologies in coal-fired power plants.

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Many coal power plants already operate wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems designed to remove sulfur dioxide. This framework proposes methods for adapting these systems to capture carbon dioxide simultaneously without major plant modifications.

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The demonstration standard establishes:

• experimental validation protocols

• measurement and verification procedures

• system performance metrics

• retrofit integration guidelines

 

This framework aims to enable lower-cost decarbonization pathways for existing coal infrastructure.

 

Patents & Technologies

Invented Systems and Methods

 

My invention work spans several areas of carbon capture, carbon utilization, and energy infrastructure integration.

 

These inventions include both technology-level processes and architecture-level infrastructure methods.

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Carbon Capture and CO₂ Transport

A Novel Pipeline Configuration for Carbon Dioxide Transportation

A hub-based CO₂ transport topology that significantly reduces pipeline length and infrastructure complexity in large-scale carbon capture systems.

 

Closed-Loop Carbon Capture Processes

A Closed Loop Hybrid Sorbent Carbon Capture & Mineralization Process

A carbon capture system designed to operate in a closed-loop configuration that eliminates the need for energy-intensive thermal regeneration and reduces lifecycle emissions.

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Simultaneous CO₂–SO₂ Capture

Slurry Composition and Method for Simultaneous Capture of CO₂ and SO₂ in Gas–Liquid Contact Systems

A carbon capture method compatible with existing wet FGD systems that enables simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide.

 

Carbon Sequestration via Industrial Byproducts

A Process of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration via Steel Slag Utilization

A mineralization pathway that converts CO₂ into stable carbonate materials using steel slag and other industrial byproducts.

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Nuclear Repowering Interface Method

Method for Structuring an Interface between a Nuclear Heat Source and a Steam Turbine

A deterministic method for integrating nuclear heat sources with existing steam turbine systems without altering turbine admissibility constraints.

 

Direct Air Capture Systems

A Self-Sustaining Carbon Capture Technology

A direct-air-capture system designed to operate with minimal external energy input and integrated regeneration cycles.

 

Experience

Chief Infrastructure Architect
Novonanmek Material Sciences Pvt. Ltd.

Leading the development of next-generation carbon capture and utilization technologies and infrastructure architectures for industrial decarbonization.

 

Over 15 years of experience across:

• advanced materials science

• process engineering

• applied R&D

• climate technology innovation

• infrastructure architecture design

• technology commercialization

 

My work spans industry, startups, research institutions, and public policy engagement.

Academic Foundation

 

My academic training is in materials science and engineering, with research focused on ceramic nanocomposites and multilayer materials.

• B.E. — Mechanical Engineering

• M.Tech. — Materials Science and Engineering

 

Graduate research involved the development of multilayer ceramic nanocomposite systems designed for high failure energy and structural resilience. This materials science background continues to inform my approach to decarbonization systems, particularly in understanding material cycles, regeneration processes, and lifecycle behavior in industrial infrastructure.

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Books

The Path of the Impossible: A Blueprint for India’s Carbon-Negative Future

A book exploring technological and infrastructure pathways through which India could transition toward a carbon-negative economy.

Available on Amazon
https://amzn.in/d/5y3xNyd

 

Selected Publications

• A National Framework for Public Good: The Hub-Only Pipeline Topology (HOPT) for Carbon Dioxide Capture & Transportation — SSRN (2025)

• Decarbonizing India: Harnessing Direct Air Capture (DAC) to Combat the Climate Effects of Coal — Coal Log India Conference (2023)

• A Closed-Loop Hybrid Sorbent Direct Air Capture Technology — NTPC Global Energy Technology Summit (2023)

• Study of Nanoindentation Behavior and Nanomechanical Properties of Ceramics with Widely Varying Toughness — ICCES Conference Proceedings (2005)

 

Book Chapters

Contributor to:

Nanoindentation of Brittle Solids
CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group (USA)

Chapters:

• Nanoindentation on Multilayered Ceramic Matrix Composites

• Nanomechanical Behavior of Zirconia Toughened Alumina

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Contact

For research collaboration, policy discussion, licensing inquiries, or infrastructure architecture dialogue.

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